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Developmental aspects of cross-language speech perception

J F Werker, J H Gilbert, K Humphrey

    Child Development
    |March 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Infants can distinguish between Hindi speech sounds, but this ability may decline with age and language experience. This study highlights changes in speech perception from infancy to adulthood.

    Area of Science:

    • Psycholinguistics
    • Developmental Psychology
    • Auditory Perception

    Background:

    • Infants typically perceive speech sounds across languages, but adults often struggle with non-native contrasts.
    • Developmental changes in speech perception may lead to a decline in ability without specific language experience.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate infant speech sound discrimination abilities.
    • To examine the decline of speech perceptual abilities with age and experience.
    • To compare English-speaking adults, Hindi-speaking adults, and 7-month-old infants on discriminating Hindi speech contrasts.

    Main Methods:

    • Visually reinforced infant speech discrimination paradigm used for infants.
    • A modified version of the infant paradigm was employed for adult participants.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Two pairs of natural Hindi speech contrasts were used to test discrimination abilities.

    • Main Results:

    • Seven-month-old infants successfully discriminated both Hindi sound pairs.
    • Adult participants showed diminished ability to discriminate the non-English speech contrasts.
    • A significant decrease in speech perceptual abilities was observed with age and experience, particularly for rarer contrasts.

    Conclusions:

    • Infants possess broad speech sound discrimination capabilities.
    • Language experience and developmental processes shape auditory perception, potentially narrowing abilities.
    • The findings suggest a critical period for speech sound perception and have implications for understanding language acquisition.