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Fitness program participation: its effect on worker performance

R J Shephard, M Cox, P Corey

    Journal of Occupational Medicine. : Official Publication of the Industrial Medical Association
    |May 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Employee fitness programs showed minor productivity gains but reduced absenteeism. Further large-scale studies are needed to confirm these effects, considering potential biases like the Hawthorne effect.

    Area of Science:

    • Occupational Health
    • Behavioral Science
    • Human Resources Management

    Background:

    • Employee well-being significantly impacts workplace productivity and absenteeism.
    • The efficacy of corporate wellness initiatives, specifically fitness programs, requires rigorous investigation.
    • Understanding confounding factors is crucial for accurate assessment of program outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the impact of a six-month employee fitness program on absenteeism and productivity.
    • To determine if observed changes in productivity and absenteeism are directly attributable to the fitness intervention.
    • To identify potential confounding variables influencing the study's results.

    Main Methods:

    • A controlled trial was conducted across two large office settings.

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  • One office served as the test group (participating in the fitness program), while the other acted as the control.
  • Data collection involved fitness assessments, self-reports, and supervisor evaluations over a six-month period.

    • Main Results:

    • The test company demonstrated significant improvements in employee fitness levels.
    • Both test and control companies reported reductions in absenteeism.
    • Productivity gains were minimal and comparable between the test and control groups, based on self-reports and supervisor evaluations.

    Conclusions:

    • Observed productivity changes may be influenced by factors beyond the fitness program, such as sample attenuation, seasonal trends, and the Hawthorne effect.
    • While fitness levels improved, the direct economic benefits on productivity require further substantiation.
    • Employee fitness programs warrant large-scale investigation to clarify their true impact on workplace outcomes and economic value.