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Related Experiment Videos

Changes in thyroid function in pregnancy and with oral contraceptive use

J A Souma, P J Green, A T Coppage

    Southern Medical Journal
    |June 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Thyroid hormone levels change significantly during pregnancy and with oral contraceptive use. Early pregnancy shows decreased triiodothyronine (T3), while thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) elevates in the second trimester.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Reproductive Medicine
    • Clinical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Thyroid function tests are crucial for managing endocrine health.
    • Pregnancy and oral contraceptive use significantly alter thyroid hormone profiles.
    • Understanding these changes is vital for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify changes in thyroid hormones (T4, T3, T3 uptake) and TSH during pregnancy.
    • To compare thyroid function in pregnant women with nonpregnant individuals and oral contraceptive users.
    • To establish reference ranges for thyroid function during different physiological states.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurement of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), T3 uptake, and TSH.
    • Inclusion of nonpregnant, pregnant (first and third trimesters), and oral contraceptive users.

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  • Comparative analysis of thyroid function parameters across groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Increased mean T4 and decreased T3 uptake observed during pregnancy.
    • T3 concentrations initially decreased in early pregnancy, then rose.
    • Elevated TSH levels were noted in the second trimester.
    • Oral contraceptive users showed thyroid function similar to early pregnancy.

    Conclusions:

    • Early pregnancy's decreased T3 may indicate increased fetal/placental/maternal demand.
    • Oral contraceptive effects on thyroid function may be linked to estrogen levels.
    • Established reference ranges aid in interpreting thyroid function in diverse patient populations.