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Aortic valve replacement in the elderly

P J Commerford, A Curcio, M Albanese

    South African Medical Journal = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Geneeskunde
    |June 27, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Aortic valve replacement is a safe and effective procedure for elderly patients aged 70 and above with symptomatic aortic valvular disease, showing good survival rates and improved cardiac function post-operation.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Cardiac Surgery
    • Geriatric Medicine

    Background:

    • Increasing longevity leads to a higher prevalence of symptomatic aortic valvular disease in patients aged 70 years and older.
    • Aortic valvular disease in the elderly presents unique challenges for surgical intervention.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of isolated aortic valve replacement (AVR) in patients aged 70 years or older.
    • To assess the short-term and long-term outcomes, including survival rates and functional status, following AVR in this specific demographic.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 30 patients aged 70+ who underwent isolated AVR.
    • Data collection included operative mortality, early complications, and long-term survival.
    • Follow-up duration ranged from 1 to 10 years, with a mean of 2.5 years.

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    Main Results:

    • One operative death occurred.
    • Two patients died within 6 months due to operative complications.
    • The 1-year survival rate was 90%, with an 84% survival rate at 3 years.
    • All hospital survivors demonstrated significant improvement in cardiac functional status.

    Conclusions:

    • Aortic valve replacement is a safe and effective treatment option for elderly patients (70+ years) with symptomatic aortic valvular disease.
    • The procedure offers substantial benefits in terms of survival and improved quality of life for this patient population.