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[Paroxysmal phenomena in multiple sclerosis. Brain stem crisis]

A Quiles Llisterri, F Rubio Borrego, J Peres Serra

    Acta Neurologica Latinoamericana
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Multiple sclerosis patients can experience paroxysmal attacks, or brain-stem seizures, often linked to disease activity. These seizures may indicate a new lesion or an isolated symptom, potentially caused by demyelination in the brain-stem.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Neuroscience
    • Clinical Medicine

    Background:

    • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system.
    • Paroxysmal attacks, termed brain-stem seizures, are rare but significant neurological events in MS patients.

    Observation:

    • The study presents three cases of multiple sclerosis exhibiting paroxysmal attacks during the disease course.
    • These attacks, also known as brain-stem seizures, were analyzed alongside a comprehensive literature review.

    Findings:

    • A direct correlation was observed between paroxysmal symptoms and active disease exacerbations in MS.
    • These phenomena can manifest as isolated, milder episodes ('abortive bouts').
    • A partially demyelinated lesion in the brain-stem, potentially causing ephatic conduction, is proposed as the pathogenic mechanism.

    Implications:

    • Understanding these paroxysmal events aids in diagnosing and managing MS activity.
    • The findings suggest brain-stem lesions play a crucial role in specific MS symptomatology.
    • Further research into ephatic conduction in demyelinated lesions could reveal new therapeutic targets.

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