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Respiration during sleep in the aged human

M A Carskadon, W C Dement

    Journal of Gerontology
    |July 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Many elderly individuals experience sleep-related breathing issues like apneas and hypopneas. These disturbances increase with age, particularly in women, potentially causing sleep complaints.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Sleep Medicine
    • Respiratory Physiology

    Background:

    • Sleep disturbances are common in the elderly.
    • Age-related physiological changes can affect sleep quality and respiratory function.
    • Understanding sleep-related respiratory events in older adults is crucial for addressing sleep complaints.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of sleep-related respiratory disturbances in elderly individuals.
    • To examine potential age-related trends in these disturbances, differentiating between sexes.
    • To explore the association between respiratory disturbances and sleep disruption in this population.

    Main Methods:

    • Polysomnography was used to evaluate sleep and respiration in 40 elderly subjects (22 women, 18 men).
    • Apneas and hypopneas lasting 10 seconds or longer were quantified.
    • The frequency of respiratory disturbances per hour of sleep was analyzed, with attention to age and sex differences.

    Main Results:

    • A significant number of participants exhibited sleep-related respiratory disturbances, with rates ranging from 0 to 216 events.
    • Over 30% of women and 44% of men had more than five respiratory disturbances per hour.
    • An age-related increase in respiratory disturbances was observed in women, particularly in their eighth decade, but not in men.
    • Respiratory disturbances were associated with sleep arousals, disrupting nocturnal sleep in some cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Sleep-related respiratory disturbances are highly prevalent in the elderly population.
    • These disturbances, including apneas and hypopneas, increase with age, especially in women, and can significantly disrupt sleep.
    • The findings suggest that sleep-related breathing issues may be a significant contributor to sleep complaints in older adults.

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