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Related Experiment Videos

Detection of immune complexes using a solid-phase C1q polystyrene ball assay

D A Pohl, C C Tsai, S T Roodman

    Journal of Immunological Methods
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new polystyrene ball C1q solid-phase assay (PSB C1q SPA) offers improved accuracy and sensitivity for quantifying immune complexes in human serum. This method is valuable for monitoring autoimmune diseases and treatment effectiveness.

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    Sister Mary Joseph nodule.

    QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians·2015

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Biochemistry
    • Clinical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Immune complexes play a role in various autoimmune diseases.
    • Accurate quantification of immune complexes is crucial for diagnosis and monitoring.
    • Existing solid-phase C1q assays have limitations in accuracy and reproducibility.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a novel polystyrene ball C1q solid-phase assay (PSB C1q SPA) for quantifying immune complexes in human serum.
    • To enhance the sensitivity, accuracy, and reproducibility of immune complex detection compared to previous methods.
    • To establish a normal range for immune complexes and assess their levels in patients with autoimmune diseases.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a polystyrene ball-based C1q solid-phase assay (PSB C1q SPA).

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  • Utilized aggregated human gamma-globulin (AHGG) as a model immune complex.
  • Quantified immune complexes by measuring AHGG binding to C1q.
  • Determined optimal conditions for complex binding and characterized complex sizes.
  • Subtracted values from heat-inactivated C1q to correct for background noise.

    • Main Results:

    • The PSB C1q SPA demonstrated a 12-fold increase in sensitivity compared to the polystyrene tube method.
    • High reproducibility was achieved with coefficients of variation (CV) of 10% and 4% for day-to-day assays.
    • Within-run CVs were 37% and 20% at low and high AHGG levels, respectively.
    • A normal range for immune complexes was established as 15 ± 8 μg AHGG equivalents.
    • Elevated immune complex levels were observed in 70% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, vasculitis, Sjögren's, and glomerulonephritis, and 40% of SLE patients.

    Conclusions:

    • The PSB C1q SPA is a highly sensitive, accurate, and reproducible method for quantifying immune complexes in human serum.
    • The assay is effective in identifying immune complex elevations in various autoimmune conditions.
    • It serves as a valuable tool for monitoring disease activity and treatment efficacy, such as plasmapheresis in SLE patients.