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Cloned cell lines with natural killer activity. Specificity, function, and cell surface markers

G Dennert, G Yogeeswaran, S Yamagata

    The Journal of Experimental Medicine
    |March 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Natural killer (NK) cell clones exhibit target specificities identical to normal spleen NK cells, suggesting a lack of clonally distributed specific receptors. This implies NK cells may recognize common antigens or possess multiple receptors for diverse targets.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial for innate immunity, mediating lysis of target cells.
    • Understanding NK cell specificity and receptor mechanisms is key to their functional characterization.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize NK cell lines derived from spleen cells.
    • To investigate if target specificities segregate upon cloning of NK cell lines.
    • To analyze the functional properties and cell surface markers of NK cell lines.

    Main Methods:

    • Culturing spleen cells in conditioned medium with concanavalin A (Con A).
    • Cloning NK cell lines and assaying their cytotoxic activity against various human and mouse targets.
    • Performing cell surface marker analysis (Thy 1.2, Lt-1-2, T200, asialo GM1, asialo GM2).

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    Main Results:

    • NK cell clones displayed target specificities identical to normal spleen NK cells.
    • NK cell lines did not show activity in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity or mutual lysis.
    • Concanavalin A (Con A) significantly enhanced lysis of NK-sensitive targets, indicating effector binding and target sensitivity are key variables.

    Conclusions:

    • NK cells likely lack clonally distributed specific receptors, potentially recognizing common antigens or multiple target specificities.
    • NK cell lysis is dependent on effector-target binding and target sensitivity, with relatively weak putative antigen receptor affinity.
    • Cell surface marker analysis distinguished NK cells from cytolytic thymus-derived lymphocytes, aiding in their classification within hematopoietic lineages.