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[Some investigations on cefadroxil dry syrup (author's transl)]
Abstract:
MIC of cefadroxil (CDX) against A group beta-Streptococcus was distributed between 0.05-0.2 microgram/ml, that is, more susceptible than cephalexin (CEX) an cefaclor (CCL), and susceptible to tetracycline (TC), erythromycin (EM), lincomycin (LCM) resistant strains. Serum level was higher than CCL administered orally at the same dose, and urinary excretion ratio after oral administration was good similarly to CEX and CCL. Patients treated were mostly scarlet fever and upper respiratory tract infections as acute tonsillitis and lacunar tonsillitis. They responded well to CDX at a daily dose of 30 mg/kg divided into 3-4 times. All cases of scarlet fever became normal temperature within 2 days. Among 14 cases in which A group beta-hemolytic Streptococcus was detected by pharyngeal sputum culture at admission, 11 cases became negative on the 1st day. This result was superior to CEX, when this drug was administered orally at a daily dose of 40-60 mg/kg, bacteria became negative at the ratio of 73.3% on the 2nd day. CDX was effective for acute tonsillitis, lacunar tonsillitis, acute bronchitis, impetigo and maxillary lymphadenitis in which numerous A group beta-Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae were proven, as well as for acute urinary tract infection due to Escherichia coli. Clinical results of CDX in totalling 69 cases were excellent in 63 cases, good in 6 cases, efficacy ratio being 100%. No local nor systemic side effects were observed in 69 cases including maximum 11 days' treatment, as well as no effect was noticed on hepatic and renal functions. From the above results, it was concluded that satisfactory treatment results may be obtained with CDX dry syrup for children at a daily dose of 20-50 mg/kg divided into 3-4 times in acute infections due to CDX susceptible pathogens.
Insights
Cefadroxil (CDX) demonstrates high efficacy against A group beta-hemolytic Streptococcus infections, including scarlet fever and tonsillitis. This antibiotic offers superior bacterial clearance and a favorable safety profile in pediatric patients.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Microbiology
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Context:
- A group beta-hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS) is a common pathogen causing various pediatric infections.
- Limited treatment options and emerging resistance necessitate evaluation of effective antimicrobial agents.
- Cefadroxil (CDX) is a cephalosporin antibiotic with potential utility in treating GABHS infections.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the in vitro susceptibility of GABHS to cefadroxil (CDX).
- To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of CDX in treating pediatric patients with GABHS infections.
- To compare the therapeutic outcomes of CDX with cephalexin (CEX).
Summary:
- Cefadroxil exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.05-0.2 µg/ml against GABHS, indicating greater susceptibility than cephalexin (CEX) and cefaclor (CCL).
- Oral administration of CDX resulted in higher serum levels compared to Cefaclor (CCL) and good urinary excretion, similar to CEX and CCL.
- Clinical trials involving 69 pediatric patients with scarlet fever, tonsillitis, and other infections showed a 100% efficacy rate for CDX, with rapid fever reduction and bacterial clearance, outperforming CEX in bacterial eradication.
Impact:
- Cefadroxil dry syrup is a safe and effective treatment option for acute pediatric infections caused by susceptible pathogens, including GABHS.
- The study supports the use of CDX in pediatric infectious disease management, offering a favorable alternative with a 100% clinical success rate and no observed side effects.
- CDX demonstrates significant advantages in bacterial clearance and clinical outcomes compared to existing treatments like CEX.