[Hydrothorax after catheterization of the right internal jugular vein (author's transl)]

Two cases of hydrothorax are reported which developed as the result of intrapleural catheter malposition after cannulation of the right internal jugular vein. Predisposing factors for this rare, but frequently misdiagnosed, complication are discussed. In both cases control chest radiography with small doses of contrast medium as well as aspiration of blood failed to indicate malpositioning. To prevent this complication the use of larger doses of contrast medium and/or control aspiration shortly after the start of infusion are recommended.