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Subacute massive pulmonary embolism

R J Hall, D McHaffie, C Pusey

    British Heart Journal
    |June 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Subacute massive pulmonary embolism presents with progressive dyspnea. While early treatment response varied, long-term outcomes were favorable, with no evidence of recurrent disease or late pulmonary hypertension.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Vascular Surgery

    Background:

    • Subacute massive pulmonary embolism (MPE) is a serious condition often presenting with prolonged dyspnea.
    • Clinical signs may indicate right heart strain and ventilation/perfusion mismatch.
    • Diagnostic imaging like chest X-ray and electrocardiogram can provide valuable, though sometimes normal, findings.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the clinical presentation, treatment response, and long-term outcomes of patients with subacute massive pulmonary embolism.
    • To assess the potential for recurrent embolic disease and late pulmonary hypertension following subacute MPE.

    Main Methods:

    • Prospective study of 24 patients with subacute MPE.
    • Clinical evaluation during initial illness and follow-up up to nine years.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of treatment response to thrombolysis, heparin, and pulmonary embolectomy.
  • Main Results:

    • Progressive dyspnea over weeks was the most common presentation.
    • Early thrombolytic treatment response was generally poor compared to acute MPE.
    • Heparin monotherapy was effective in eight patients; pulmonary embolectomy yielded poor results with high mortality.
    • Nine patients died during the initial illness, seven due to embolic disease.

    Conclusions:

    • Subacute MPE has a prolonged course with variable treatment responses.
    • Despite initial severity, long-term follow-up showed no evidence of recurrent disease or late pulmonary hypertension.
    • Heparin appears to be a satisfactory treatment option, while pulmonary embolectomy is associated with poor outcomes.