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Gluten-sensitive recurrent aphthous stomatitis

D Wray

    Digestive Diseases and Sciences
    |August 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A gluten-free diet may help some patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Five of twenty participants responded positively to gluten withdrawal and challenge, indicating gluten sensitivity without celiac disease.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Immunology
    • Oral Medicine

    Background:

    • Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) affects a significant portion of the population.
    • Celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten, is sometimes associated with oral manifestations.
    • The role of non-celiac gluten sensitivity in RAS remains unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the efficacy of a gluten-free diet in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis after celiac disease has been excluded.
    • To determine if gluten withdrawal and subsequent gluten challenge can identify a subset of patients with gluten sensitivity contributing to RAS.

    Main Methods:

    • Twenty patients diagnosed with recurrent aphthous stomatitis, with confirmed exclusion of celiac disease, were enrolled.
    • Participants followed a strict gluten-free diet for a defined period.

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  • A gluten challenge was administered to assess symptom recurrence upon reintroduction of gluten.

    • Main Results:

    • Five out of twenty patients (25%) experienced a significant improvement in aphthous stomatitis symptoms after adopting a gluten-free diet.
    • These five patients also showed a recurrence of symptoms upon gluten challenge, confirming a link to gluten intake.
    • All patients maintained normal jejunal morphology, ruling out enteropathy typically seen in celiac disease.

    Conclusions:

    • Gluten sensitivity, independent of celiac disease, may be an underlying factor in some cases of recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
    • A gluten-free diet can be a viable therapeutic option for a subset of patients with RAS.
    • Further research is warranted to understand the mechanisms of gluten sensitivity in oral health.