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Notes on the concepts of selfobject and preoedipal object

Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association

|January 1, 1981

Summary

This study clarifies the concept of selfobjects in psychoanalytic theory, distinguishing between object needs and object status. It emphasizes the role of defense mechanisms in selfobject pathology beyond simple empathy deficits.

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Area of Science:

Psychoanalytic Theory
Psychology

Background:

The concept of selfobjects in psychoanalytic theory, particularly in relation to preoedipal conflicts, presents challenges in maintaining an analytic attitude.
Kohut's (1979) analysis of Mr. Z. highlights difficulties in understanding the selfobject relationship.
Existing conceptualizations often confuse the subject's needs for an object with the object's status as distinct from the subject.

Observation:

The current understanding of selfobjects obscures the subject's relationship with the object, neglecting crucial aspects like attitudes, representations, feelings, and valuations.
Distinctions between "need-satisfying objects" and "specific objects" are proposed to clarify the multifaceted functions of selfobjects.
The author critiques the differentiation of selfobjects from a broader category of preoedipal objects.

Findings:

Motivational forces in selfobject relationships are criticized as abstract, nonaffective, and overly metapsychological constructs.
The etiology of selfobject pathology is more complex than previously thought, involving more than just deficits in parental empathy.
The interplay between developmental deficits and psychic conflict reveals an underemphasis on the role of defense mechanisms in selfobject relationships.

Implications:

Clarifying the selfobject concept is crucial for a more nuanced understanding of preoedipal conflicts and analytic practice.
Recognizing the complexity of selfobject pathology necessitates a broader theoretical framework that integrates developmental and conflict perspectives.
Future research should explore the specific roles of defense mechanisms in the development and maintenance of healthy and pathological selfobject relationships.

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