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Drug effects on multiple and alternating mixed-schedule performance

J D Leander

    The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
    |September 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Drug effects on pigeon behavior varied by schedule. D-amphetamine and pentobarbital showed similar effects across schedules, while morphine, chlorpromazine, and triflupromazine selectively impacted alternating fixed-ratio responding.

    Area of Science:

    • Behavioral pharmacology
    • Animal models of drug action

    Background:

    • Pigeon key pecking is a standard model for studying drug effects on behavior.
    • Multiple and alternating-mixed schedules assess drug effects under different response requirements.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the effects of d-amphetamine, pentobarbital, morphine, chlorpromazine, and triflupromazine on pigeon key pecking under two distinct schedule types.
    • To investigate schedule-dependent drug effects in a controlled operant conditioning paradigm.

    Main Methods:

    • Pigeons were trained on multiple and alternating-mixed fixed-ratio/fixed-interval schedules of grain presentation.
    • Key pecking responses were recorded to quantify drug effects on behavior.

    Main Results:

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  • D-amphetamine and pentobarbital produced similar rate changes across both schedule types.
  • Morphine, chlorpromazine, and triflupromazine decreased responding under the alternating mixed fixed-ratio schedule but not the multiple fixed-ratio schedule.
  • These latter drug effects on fixed-ratio responding mimicked their known effects on avoidance behavior.

    • Conclusions:

    • The schedule arrangement significantly influences the behavioral effects of certain drugs, particularly those with potential anxiolytic properties.
    • Alternating-mixed schedules may reveal drug effects not apparent under standard multiple schedules, offering a more nuanced understanding of drug action.