Triamterene nephrolithiasis complicating dyazide therapy

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Pharmacology
• Urology

Background:

• Hypertension is a common condition often managed with combination therapies.
• Hydrochlorothiazide-triamterene is a frequently prescribed diuretic combination for managing high blood pressure.
• Long-term medication use can present with rare or unexpected adverse effects.

Observation:

• A case of nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) is presented in a male patient.
• The patient had a 4-year history of therapy with hydrochlorothiazide-triamterene for hypertension.
• The kidney stone was passed spontaneously by the patient.

Findings:

• The kidney stone was analyzed and found to contain a triamterene metabolite.
• Uric acid salts were admixed with the triamterene metabolite within the stone.
• This case represents triamterene-induced nephrolithiasis, a rare complication.

Implications:

• This case underscores the potential for triamterene to cause nephrolithiasis, even after prolonged use.
• Understanding the factors contributing to triamterene nephrolithiasis is crucial for patient management.
• Further review of similar cases may elucidate preventative strategies and risk factors.