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Coccidial infections and iron absorption

D E Turk

    Poultry Science
    |February 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Coccidiosis infections in chicks significantly impact iron absorption, particularly in the duodenum during acute phases. Recovery periods show increased iron absorption, especially with E. acervulina and E. tenella infections.

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    Area of Science:

    • Avian Medicine
    • Parasitology
    • Nutritional Physiology

    Background:

    • Coccidiosis is a significant parasitic disease in poultry, caused by Eimeria species.
    • Iron absorption is crucial for poultry health and productivity.
    • The impact of different Eimeria species on iron absorption requires detailed investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of Eimeria infections on iron absorption in chickens.
    • To identify the specific Eimeria species that most significantly affect iron absorption.
    • To determine the intestinal location and temporal dynamics of altered iron absorption during coccidiosis.

    Main Methods:

    • Four-week-old chicks were infected with specific doses of Eimeria acervulina, E. necatrix, E. brunetti, or E. tenella.
    • Iron-59 (Fe-59) absorption was measured at various intervals post-infection (1-35 days).
    • Absorption was quantified in five randomly selected birds from each experimental group.

    Main Results:

    • Marked decreases in iron absorption occurred during the acute phase (day 6) of Eimeria acervulina infections.
    • Less significant decreases were observed with Eimeria necatrix infections.
    • No decrease in iron absorption was noted during the acute phase of Eimeria brunetti and Eimeria tenella infections.
    • The duodenum was identified as the most critical intestinal area for iron absorption affected by coccidiosis.
    • Periods of increased iron absorption were observed during the recovery phase, particularly in E. acervulina and E. tenella infections.

    Conclusions:

    • Eimeria infections, especially E. acervulina, severely impair duodenal iron absorption during the acute phase.
    • The severity of iron absorption impairment varies among Eimeria species.
    • The intestine shows a capacity for compensatory iron absorption during the recovery phase from coccidiosis.

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