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Factors associated with falls in the elderly: a community study

D Prudham, J G Evans

|August 1, 1981

Summary

The annual prevalence of falls among older adults (65+) is 28.0%. Fall risk factors include age, sex, mobility issues, certain medical conditions, and specific medications.

Area of Science:

Gerontology
Epidemiology
Public Health

Background:

Falls are a significant concern for older adults, impacting health and independence.
Understanding the prevalence and associated risk factors is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the annual prevalence of falls in a community-dwelling population aged 65 and over.
To identify demographic, medical, and lifestyle factors associated with falls in this age group.

Main Methods:

A survey was conducted with 2793 community-dwelling respondents aged 65 and over.
Data collected included fall history in the preceding twelve months, medical conditions, mobility, daily living activities, and medication use.

Main Results:

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The estimated annual prevalence of falls was 28.0%.
Fall rates were higher in women than men and increased with age, particularly steeply in men.
Fallers reported more frequent contact with general practitioners, mobility and daily living problems, history of stroke and heart disease, vertigo, vision issues, faints, blackouts, weakness, numbness, and cognitive impairment.
Diuretic and tranquilizer use was more frequent among fallers.

Conclusions:

Falls are highly prevalent in older adults, with significant associations with various health conditions and medications.
These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions and further research into medication effects on fall risk.