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The "metabolically-obese," normal-weight individual

N B Ruderman, S H Schneider, P Berchtold

    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    |August 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Many individuals with conditions like type II diabetes and hypertension may benefit from caloric restriction, even if not clinically obese. This suggests underlying metabolic factors like hyperinsulinism could be key indicators for treatment success.

    Area of Science:

    • Metabolic disorders
    • Obesity research
    • Clinical nutrition

    Background:

    • Adult-onset obesity is linked to type II diabetes, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia.
    • These conditions often improve with caloric restriction.
    • Standard obesity criteria may not identify all individuals who could benefit from dietary changes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose that non-obese individuals with certain metabolic disorders may also respond to caloric restriction.
    • To identify potential characteristics of such individuals, including hyperinsulinism and increased fat cell size.
    • To explore the role of inactivity and exercise as potential therapeutic interventions.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on obesity, metabolic disorders, and caloric restriction.

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  • Hypothesizing potential physiological markers (hyperinsulinism, fat cell size) in non-obese individuals.
  • Considering the role of lifestyle factors like physical activity.
  • Main Results:

    • Individuals with type II diabetes, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia often improve with caloric restriction.
    • It is proposed that some non-obese individuals with these disorders may also benefit from caloric restriction.
    • Hyperinsulinism and increased fat cell size are suggested as potential characteristics of this subgroup.

    Conclusions:

    • Caloric restriction may be beneficial for a broader population than currently recognized, including some non-obese individuals.
    • Identifying hyperinsulinism and increased fat cell size could help target therapy.
    • Exercise may be a crucial intervention for individuals whose condition is linked to inactivity.