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Breast development in the newborn

J F McKiernan, D Hull

    Archives of Disease in Childhood
    |July 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Neonatal breast tissue develops and secretes milk in both term and preterm infants, with activity persisting beyond maternal hormone influence. Further research is needed to understand early breast development and endocrine factors.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal physiology
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Neonatal breast tissue exhibits palpable nodules and milk secretion in mature infants.
    • Infants born preterm or with light-for-gestational age may show delayed or altered breast development.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate breast size and milk secretion in term and preterm infants.
    • To understand the developmental trajectory of neonatal breast tissue and its influencing factors.

    Main Methods:

    • Clinical observation and palpation of breast tissue in term and preterm infants.
    • Monitoring of milk secretion onset and duration.

    Main Results:

    • Palpable breast nodules were common in mature infants; absence was linked to pregnancy/delivery complications.

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  • Preterm infants (under 31 weeks) lacked palpable tissue at birth but developed it later, secreting milk.
  • Milk secretion occurred by 7 days in most mature infants, earlier in light-for-dates infants.
  • Neonatal breast tissue persisted, showing sex differences later in the first year.

    • Conclusions:

    • Neonatal breast growth and activity are not solely due to maternal hormones.
    • Further studies are required to identify other endocrine factors influencing early breast tissue development.