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Ventilatory function in Nigerian coal miners

B L Jain, J M Patrick

    British Journal of Industrial Medicine
    |August 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Coalface work in Nigerian collieries may impair maximal expiratory airflow by 8% due to dust exposure, but also enhances forced vital capacity. These effects on lung function were observed in 675 miners.

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    Area of Science:

    • Occupational Health
    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Environmental Health

    Background:

    • Coal mining poses risks to respiratory health due to dust exposure.
    • Understanding ventilatory capacity variations in different mining roles is crucial for occupational health assessments.
    • Previous studies have not fully elucidated the specific impacts of coalface work on lung function in Nigerian miners.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the impact of occupational roles in a Nigerian colliery on ventilatory capacity.
    • To investigate the relationship between coalface work, dust exposure, and lung function parameters.
    • To compare ventilatory capacity among coalface workers, other underground workers, and surface workers.

    Main Methods:

    • Ventilatory capacity was measured in 675 Nigerian colliery employees across three occupational groups: coalface, other underground, and surface workers.

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  • Participants with current respiratory symptoms or prior mining history were excluded.
  • Lung function indices, including forced vital capacity (FVC) and maximal expiratory airflow measures (FEV1/FVC, PFR FEF, FMF), were analyzed, adjusted for age and stature.

    • Main Results:

    • Coalface workers exhibited higher forced vital capacities but lower maximal expiratory airflow indices compared to other groups.
    • An approximate 8% impairment in maximal expiratory airflow was associated with coalface work, likely due to dust exposure.
    • A modest enhancement in FVC was observed in coalface workers, potentially from respiratory muscle training.
    • Age-related decline in airflow indices was steeper in faceworkers.
    • Smoking and duration of service did not significantly influence the observed lung function patterns.

    Conclusions:

    • Coalface work in Nigerian collieries is associated with a specific pattern of ventilatory capacity changes, including reduced expiratory airflow and enhanced FVC.
    • Dust exposure is a probable cause for the observed impairment in maximal expiratory airflow.
    • The findings highlight the need for targeted occupational health strategies for miners, particularly those in dust-exposed roles.
    • FEV1 remained consistent across occupational groups, aligning with predictions for non-miners in Nigeria.