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Abnormal temperature control after intoxication with short-acting barbiturates

E D de Villota, J M Mosquera, H Shubin

    Critical Care Medicine
    |September 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Short-acting barbiturate intoxication commonly causes hypothermia initially, with rectal temperatures dropping significantly. Later, patients may experience hyperthermia, suggesting altered thermoregulation rather than infection.

    Area of Science:

    • Clinical Medicine
    • Pharmacology
    • Thermoregulation

    Background:

    • Short-acting barbiturates are central nervous system depressants.
    • Thermoregulation can be significantly impacted by drug intoxication.
    • Understanding temperature changes in barbiturate overdose is crucial for patient management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the patterns of rectal and toe temperature changes in patients intoxicated with short-acting barbiturates.
    • To determine the relationship between the time since intoxication and the development of hypothermia or hyperthermia.
    • To explore potential causes of hyperthermia, such as infection, in these patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Measured rectal and toe temperatures in 16 patients with short-acting barbiturate intoxication.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Documented the time interval between intoxication and hospital admission for 11 patients.
  • Correlated intoxication time with observed hypothermia and analyzed temperature patterns during recovery.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant correlation (r=0.83) was found between time since intoxication and hypothermia, with lower temperatures observed closer to the time of ingestion.
    • Most patients developed hyperthermia (rectal temperature >38°C) during recovery, averaging 39.0°C.
    • Toe skin temperatures did not consistently decrease during hypothermia; increases were often noted. Hyperthermia was not linked to infection.

    Conclusions:

    • Hypothermia is a common clinical sign in the early phase of short-acting barbiturate intoxication.
    • Hyperthermia during the recovery phase suggests altered thermoregulation, likely involving increased heat conservation.
    • Increased surface heat loss contributes to early hypothermia, while later heat conservation leads to hyperthermia.