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The bio-artificial organ: review and progress report
The International Journal of Artificial Organs
|March 1, 1981
Summary
Researchers developed a novel bioartificial organ using lyophilized enzymes and fibrin. This innovative enzyme reactor successfully removed 70% of asparagine in sheep with no detectable enzyme leakage, showcasing high stability and preserved activity.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Biotechnology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Bioartificial organs offer therapeutic potential by mimicking natural organ functions.
- Enzyme immobilization is crucial for creating stable and effective bioartificial systems.
- Asparaginase is a key enzyme for treating certain cancers by depleting asparagine.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report new developments in bioartificial organ technology.
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel fibrin-based asparaginase enzyme reactor in a preclinical model.
Main Methods:
- Successful lyophilization of enzyme-filled RCG (reusable cell carrier) using cryoprotective polyethylene glycol (PEG).
- Development of an enzyme reactor using crosslinked fibrin with covalently attached asparaginase.
- In vivo testing in sheep to assess asparagine removal and enzyme leakage.
Main Results:
- The bioartificial organ (0.4 m2) removed 70% of circulating asparagine in sheep within 6 hours.
- No enzyme leakage was detected, with levels below 10(-5) units/mL of plasma.
- Immobilized asparaginase demonstrated preserved substrate affinity, high activity, and stability when bound to fibrin.
Conclusions:
- The developed bioartificial organ represents a significant advancement in enzyme replacement therapy.
- Fibrin-based immobilization provides a stable and effective platform for enzyme delivery.
- This system shows promise for clinical applications requiring targeted enzyme activity with minimal adverse effects.