Metabolic effects of substituting carbohydrate for protein in a low-calorie diet: a prolonged study in obese patients

Obese individuals maintained for 64 days on either of two low-calorie diets (600-800 kcal/day), consisting of protein alone or protein plus carbohydrate, varied widely in the extent of their cumulative nitrogen deficits. Rates of weight loss showed little correlation with rates of nitrogen loss after the first 28 days of the study. The low-calorie diet consisting entirely of protein increased blood beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations far more than did a diet consisting of equal parts of protein and carbohydrate. The diet which consisted almost entirely of protein did not spare body protein better or induce a greater rate of weight loss than did the mixture of protein and carbohydrate.