[The Nicolau syndrome in children (author's transl)]

The accidental intra-arterial injection of drugs intended for intramuscular injection is discussed and causes the well-recognised Nicolau syndrome. The published cases of this syndrome have usually related to the administration of Benzathinepenicillin, this is explained by injection into the superior gluteal artery and this may affect the internal and common iliac arteries. The clinical presentation of the Nicolau syndrome include immediate pain at the injection site followed discoloration and oedema. Arterial embolic symptoms occur in the lower extremities and may lead to necrosis. 3 cases of Nicolau's syndrome are described seen between 1974 and 1979 at the Paediatric Surgical Clinic in Wrocław.