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DNA methylase during Xenopus laevis development

R L Adams, R H Burdon, S Gibb

    Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
    |October 27, 1981
    PubMed
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    DNA methylase activity in Xenopus laevis embryos is similar to mammals. Nuclear activity increases post-fertilization, possibly due to enzyme relocation from the cytoplasm.

    Area of Science:

    • Developmental Biology
    • Epigenetics
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • DNA methylation is a crucial epigenetic mechanism regulating gene expression.
    • Understanding DNA methylase activity during early development is vital for comprehending embryogenesis.
    • Xenopus laevis serves as a valuable model organism for studying developmental processes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the DNA methylase activity in Xenopus laevis embryos and cultured cells.
    • To compare this activity with mammalian DNA methylases.
    • To investigate the temporal dynamics of DNA methylase activity during early Xenopus development.

    Main Methods:

    • Enzyme assays were performed on extracts from Xenopus laevis embryos at various developmental stages.
    • DNA methylase activity was measured in cultured Xenopus cells.

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  • Comparison of enzyme properties with those of mammalian DNA methylases.

    • Main Results:

    • DNA methylase activity was detected in Xenopus laevis embryos and cultured cells, showing similarities to mammalian enzymes.
    • Minimal DNA methylase activity was observed in mature germinal vesicles.
    • A significant increase in nuclear DNA methylase activity was noted immediately following fertilization.

    Conclusions:

    • The DNA methylase in Xenopus laevis shares characteristics with its mammalian counterparts.
    • The observed rise in nuclear DNA methylase activity post-fertilization suggests a critical role in early embryonic gene regulation.
    • Cytoplasmic relocation of the enzyme may contribute to the observed increase in nuclear activity.