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Ceforanide kinetics in renal insufficiency

S S Hawkins, R H Alford, W J Stone

    Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
    |October 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Ceforanide clearance and half-life are significantly affected by renal insufficiency. Dosing adjustments are crucial for patients with impaired kidney function to ensure safe and effective ceforanide therapy.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacokinetics
    • Nephrology

    Background:

    • Ceforanide is an antibiotic requiring dose adjustment in renal impairment.
    • Understanding ceforanide's pharmacokinetic profile in renal insufficiency is critical for patient safety.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the pharmacokinetics of ceforanide in individuals with varying degrees of renal function.
    • To determine the impact of renal insufficiency and hemodialysis on ceforanide clearance and half-life.

    Main Methods:

    • Intravenous infusion of ceforanide (500 mg) in normal subjects, patients with renal insufficiency, and hemodialysis patients.
    • Plasma sampling over 24-72 hours to assay ceforanide levels.
    • Analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters including clearance, volume of distribution, and half-life in relation to creatinine clearance.

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    Main Results:

    • Ceforanide peak levels and volume of distribution were not affected by creatinine clearance.
    • Plasma and renal clearance of ceforanide decreased linearly with declining creatinine clearance.
    • Mean ceforanide half-life increased from 3 hours in normal subjects to approximately 25 hours in severe renal insufficiency.
    • Hemodialysis removed about 21% of the ceforanide dose.

    Conclusions:

    • Renal insufficiency significantly prolongs ceforanide's half-life and reduces its clearance.
    • Hemodialysis has a limited effect on ceforanide removal.
    • Specific dosing recommendations for ceforanide in patients with renal insufficiency are necessary and provided.