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A human plasma component that binds benzo(a)pyrene

M McKenzie, T McLemore, P Rankin

    Cancer
    |December 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Researchers identified a plasma component that binds benzo(a)pyrene in smokers. This binding capacity correlates with lymphocyte activity, but shows an unexplained inverse correlation in lung cancer patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Environmental Health
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Benzo(a)pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in cigarette smoke.
    • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are known carcinogens.
    • Understanding their metabolic pathways is crucial for cancer research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and characteristics of a benzo(a)pyrene-binding component in human plasma.
    • To explore the relationship between this plasma component, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) activity, and lung cancer.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurement of a benzo(a)pyrene-binding plasma fraction in smokers and nonsmokers.
    • Competitive binding assays using benzanthracene.
    • Correlation analysis with lymphocyte aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) induction capacity.

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  • Analysis of lung tissue homogenates and cultured lymphocytes.

    • Main Results:

    • A specific benzo(a)pyrene-binding plasma component was identified and quantified.
    • This component showed a strong positive correlation with lymphocyte AHH inducibility in subjects (r = 0.861, p < 0.001).
    • An inverse correlation was observed between the plasma component and lymphocyte AHH inducibility in lung cancer patients (r = -0.957, p < 0.001).
    • No benzo(a)pyrene-binding fraction was detected in lymphocytes or lung tissue.

    Conclusions:

    • A plasma component specifically binds benzo(a)pyrene and its levels are linked to cellular detoxification enzyme activity.
    • The inverse correlation in lung cancer patients suggests a complex interaction or altered biological response.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the role of this plasma component in lung cancer pathogenesis.