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[Basic and clinical studies on cefoxitin in pediatrics (author's transl)]
The Japanese Journal of Antibiotics
|March 1, 1981
Summary
Cefoxitin (CFX), a new cephamycin antibiotic, shows superior efficacy against Gram-negative bacilli compared to other cephalosporins. Clinical trials in children demonstrated an 83.9% efficacy rate for various infections with minimal adverse effects.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Cefoxitin (CFX) is a novel antibiotic belonging to the cephamycin class.
- Evaluation of CFX involved laboratory and clinical studies to assess its antimicrobial spectrum and clinical utility.
Observation:
- Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) of CFX were determined against clinical isolates.
- Serum pharmacokinetics, including peak concentrations, half-life, and urinary recovery, were analyzed after intravenous administration.
- Clinical efficacy and safety of CFX were assessed in pediatric patients with diverse bacterial infections.
Findings:
- CFX exhibited superior MICs against Gram-negative bacilli (E. coli, Proteus sp., Klebsiella sp.) compared to cefazolin (CEZ), ceferidine (CER), and cefatrizine (CET).
- Intravenous administration of CFX resulted in peak serum concentrations of 34.7-67.6 mcg/ml, with a serum half-life of 25.8-51.2 minutes and urinary recovery of 67-90%.
- An overall efficacy rate of 83.9% was observed in 29 children treated with CFX for infections including UTI, RTI, and skin infections, with only one case of rash reported.
Implications:
- Cefoxitin demonstrates significant potential as an effective treatment for Gram-negative bacterial infections.
- The favorable pharmacokinetic profile and high clinical efficacy suggest CFX is a valuable addition to the antibiotic armamentarium.
- Further research may explore CFX's role in managing resistant bacterial strains and its long-term safety profile.