Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Combining Analysis of DNA in a Crude Virion Extraction with the Analysis of RNA from Infected Leaves to Discover New Virus Genomes
08:56

Combining Analysis of DNA in a Crude Virion Extraction with the Analysis of RNA from Infected Leaves to Discover New Virus Genomes

Published on: July 27, 2018

11.2K

The integrated genome of murine leukemia virus

D Steffen, R A Weinberg

    Cell
    |November 1, 1978
    PubMed

    Insights

    Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV) integrates into at least 15 different sites in rat cells, with no common integration site found. Infected cells can acquire multiple proviruses, which remain stable for years.

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Genomics

    Background:

    • Murine leukemia viruses are retroviruses known to integrate into host genomes.
    • Understanding viral integration sites is crucial for characterizing viral pathogenesis and host-virus interactions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the integration sites of Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV) in host genomes.
    • To investigate the number and stability of M-MuLV proviruses in infected cells.
    • To analyze endogenous murine leukemia virus (MuLV) genomes in mice.

    Main Methods:

    • Southern gel filter transfer technique was employed.
    • Analysis of M-MuLV proviral DNA integration in rat cell clones.
    • Detection of endogenous MuLV genomes in mouse DNA using M-MuLV probes.

    Main Results:

    • M-MuLV integrates into a minimum of 15 distinct sites in rat cells, with no common integration site observed across clones.
    • Productively infected cells harbor multiple M-MuLV proviruses, while non-productive cells contain a single provirus.
    • Integrated M-MuLV genomes are stable for at least two years.
    • Mouse strains exhibit similar endogenous MuLV proviral patterns with minor strain-specific variations.
    • M-MuLV infection can lead to additional proviruses beyond endogenous ones.

    Conclusions:

    • M-MuLV integration is a complex process occurring at numerous sites in the host genome.
    • The number of integrated proviruses correlates with viral productive capacity.
    • Endogenous MuLV genomes are conserved across mouse strains, with M-MuLV infection potentially altering the viral landscape.

    More Related Videos

    Identification of Coding and Non-coding RNA Classes Expressed in Swine Whole Blood09:40

    Identification of Coding and Non-coding RNA Classes Expressed in Swine Whole Blood

    Published on: November 28, 2018

    6.2K
    Localization and Quantification of Begomoviruses in Whitefly Tissues by Immunofluorescence and Quantitative PCR06:25

    Localization and Quantification of Begomoviruses in Whitefly Tissues by Immunofluorescence and Quantitative PCR

    Published on: February 8, 2020

    5.2K

    Related Concept Videos

    Viral Recombination00:57

    Viral Recombination

    Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
    22.3K
    Viral Mutations00:36

    Viral Mutations

    A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
    33.2K
    Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

    Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

    A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
    15.1K
    Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

    Viruses with RNA Genomes

    RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
    1.5K
    Human Virome01:26

    Human Virome

    The human body harbors a vast and diverse viral community known as the human virome. The virome includes bacteriophages that infect bacteria, and eukaryotic viruses that infect human cells. Transient dietary and environmental viruses also contribute to this dynamic ecosystem. Estimates suggest the human body may contain on the order of 10¹³ viral particles, though abundance varies widely by body site and detection method.Comprehensive characterization of the virome has become possible...
    55
    Investigation of Disease Outbreaks01:23

    Investigation of Disease Outbreaks

    Multistate foodborne outbreaks pose significant public health risks and require meticulous investigation to identify sources and implement control measures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a dynamic seven-step process for these investigations, integrating data from laboratories, interviews, and environmental assessments to protect public health.Outbreak Detection: The detection of multistate outbreaks typically begins with PulseNet, the CDC's national laboratory...
    79