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Campylobacter gastroenteritis in neonates

B J Anders, B A Lauer, J W Paisley

    American Journal of Diseases of Children (1960)
    |October 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Campylobacter fetus enteritis is an uncommon newborn infection. This study found that newborn Campylobacter gastroenteritis, often presenting with bloody diarrhea, is typically afebrile and resolves with antimicrobial treatment.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal Medicine
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Campylobacter fetus enteritis is considered rare in neonates.
    • Previous literature suggests limited understanding of this infection in newborns.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe the clinical presentation and outcomes of Campylobacter fetus subspecies jejuni gastroenteritis in term neonates.
    • To investigate potential sources of infection in newborns.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective case series of eight term neonates diagnosed with Campylobacter fetus subspecies jejuni gastroenteritis over a two-year period.
    • Clinical data including symptoms, fever, blood culture results, and treatment outcomes were reviewed.
    • Maternal screening for Campylobacter colonization was performed.

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    Main Results:

    • Eight term neonates presented with gastroenteritis, primarily characterized by bloody diarrhea and irritability, typically within the first two weeks of life.
    • The illness was generally mild, with only one infant experiencing fever and no serious complications or bacteremia reported.
    • Five mothers had Campylobacter identified in stool or vaginal samples, suggesting potential perinatal transmission.

    Conclusions:

    • Campylobacter gastroenteritis in neonates presents similarly to older children and adults but is notably often afebrile.
    • The bacterium is likely acquired from the mother during or shortly after delivery.
    • Prompt antimicrobial treatment leads to rapid recovery in affected infants.