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Related Experiment Videos

Factors affecting diazepam infusion: solubility, administration-set composition, and flow rate

N A Mason, S Cline, M L Hyneck

    American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
    |October 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Diazepam sorption to IV components can lead to underdosing. Avoid polyvinyl chloride and volume-control sets for safe IV diazepam administration; polyolefin containers are suitable alternatives.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Pharmaceutical Science
    • Drug Delivery Systems

    Background:

    • Diazepam is frequently administered intravenously.
    • Sorption of drugs to intravenous (IV) administration components can impact therapeutic efficacy.
    • Understanding diazepam's interaction with IV materials is crucial for safe dosing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantitatively analyze diazepam sorption to IV administration set components and containers.
    • To determine diazepam solubility in various IV fluids and buffers.
    • To assess the impact of flow rate and tubing length on diazepam absorption.

    Main Methods:

    • Solubility measurements in phosphate buffer and IV fluids.
    • Partition coefficient determination using shaking methods with IV components.

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  • Flow studies with diazepam solutions through administration sets at varying flow rates and tubing lengths.

    • Main Results:

    • Maximum free-base diazepam solubility was 0.048 mg/ml in phosphate buffer.
    • Highest partition coefficients observed for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubing and flexible bags.
    • Diazepam absorption increased with decreased flow rate and increased tubing length.

    Conclusions:

    • Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubing and flexible bags should be avoided for diazepam infusions due to significant sorption.
    • Polyolefin semi-rigid containers are acceptable alternatives to glass for diazepam.
    • Infusion concentration should not exceed 0.04 mg/ml, and predictive dosing charts can aid administration.