An evaluation of lupinosis in cattle in Western Australia

A retrospective study of cases of bovine lupinosis submitted to this laboratory, and a trial in which 3 cows, 3 steers and 3 heifers were grazed together on toxic lupin stubbles, were carried out to determine further knowledge of this disease. It was found that what is presently recognised as bovine lupinosis can be divided into 2 distinct entities on the basis of liver pathology. Firstly, a fatty liver syndrome, which accounted for most outbreaks of the disease and most deaths, affected late-pregnant or recently calved cows, and is suggested to be a nutritional ketosis secondary to mild inappotence caused by lupinosis toxin. Secondly, a cirrhotic liver syndrome, which affected all classes of cattle, usually become apparent in winter and is considered to be the principal result of the direct action of lupinosis toxin. Cattle were less susceptible to lupinosis than sheep. Recommendations are made on grazing lupins by cattle.