Two-dimensional spectroscopy of electrophoretic gels

Optical techniques are described which permit one to analyze two-dimensional electrophoretic gels in a fashion which is analogous to the one-dimensional spectroscopy of solutions. In the methods described, an electrophoretic gel is irradiated with monochromatic light and isozyme patterns are detected by the absorption of light or the fluorescent emission of light. The system described can both generate and detect monochromatic light in a range from 200 to 1100 nm. Without the use of histochemical stains, several isozymes have been visualized by purely optical means. Five methods for the visualization of lactate dehydrogenase and five methods for the demonstration of trypsin isozymes are described. In addition, general methods have been formulated for hydrolases and oxidases. Gel spectroscopy should permit the investigation of a wide range of new isozymes.