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Psychiatric interviewing techniques. IV. Experimental study: Four contrasting styles

M Rutter, A Cox, S Egert

    The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science
    |June 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    This study defines four distinct interview styles to elicit factual information or feelings. Experienced interviewers can naturally adopt these varied techniques for research purposes.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Communication Studies
    • Research Methodology

    Background:

    • Effective interview techniques are crucial for eliciting specific types of information.
    • Previous research identified key techniques for gathering factual data versus emotional content.
    • A need existed to systematically define and compare distinct interview approaches.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and define four contrasting interview styles.
    • To investigate the effectiveness of these styles in eliciting factual information and feelings.
    • To provide a framework for training interviewers in distinct methodological approaches.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of four interview styles: 'sounding board', 'active psychotherapy', 'structured', and 'systematic exploratory'.

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  • Utilized permutations of techniques identified as effective in prior naturalistic studies.
  • Employed quantitative measures, including video-tape and audio-tape analysis, to assess interviewer performance.
  • Designed an experimental framework to compare the efficacy of the four defined styles.

    • Main Results:

    • Two experienced interviewers were successfully trained to adopt the four distinct interview styles.
    • Interviewers maintained a natural demeanor while employing the varied techniques.
    • Quantitative analysis provided data on the distinct characteristics of each interview style.

    Conclusions:

    • It is feasible to train interviewers to adopt and effectively utilize contrasting styles.
    • The defined styles offer distinct methodological options for qualitative and quantitative data collection.
    • Further experimental research is warranted to compare the outcomes of these interview styles.