Multiple myeloma in the United States, 1950--1975

A total of 68,400 whites and 10,533 nonwhites were reported to have died from multiple myeloma (MM) in the continental United States between 1950 and 1975 (excluding 1972 because of incomplete case ascertainment). Age-adjusted mortality rates for nonwhites were approximately twice as high as for whites. During the 25-year period of this survey, there was a twofold to threefold increase in MM mortality. The increase was seen in both races, but was greater in nonwhites than whites and primarily occurred in people over 55 years of age. The increases were uniform in all geographic regions and urban/rural categories. MM mortality from 1950--1969 was correlated with geographic, demographic, and occupational factors at the county level. The rates were highest in the far west and mid-central regions for whites and in the northeast for nonwhites. Urban areas had the highest rates and rural areas had the lowest, and positive associations were seen with indices of socioeconomic level and the percentage of residents with Scandinavian ancestry. For white males, MM mortality rates were elevated in areas with high petroleum and paper production, and a slight increase was seen in furniture manufacturing areas.