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Two chick embryonic adhesion systems: molecular vs tissue specificity

W A Thomas, B A Edelman, S M Lobel

    Journal of Supramolecular Structure and Cellular Biochemistry
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Chick embryonic cells exhibit dual Ca++-dependent and Ca++-independent aggregation mechanisms. These cell adhesion properties are tissue-specific but show cross-adhesion within the same mechanism type, revealing conserved and distinct molecular interactions.

    Area of Science:

    • Developmental Biology
    • Cell Adhesion
    • Tissue Engineering

    Background:

    • Cell-cell adhesion is crucial for tissue development and function.
    • Previous research has identified calcium-dependent (CD) and calcium-independent (CI) aggregation mechanisms in retinal cells.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and characteristics of dual cell adhesion mechanisms (CD and CI) in various chick embryonic tissues.
    • To determine the cross-adhesion capabilities between cells from different tissues exhibiting the same or different adhesion modes.
    • To explore the immunological relationships of these adhesion mechanisms using anti-retinal antibodies.

    Main Methods:

    • Dissociation of cells from chick embryonic optic tectum, retina, heart, and limb bud.
    • Preparation of cells to exhibit either Ca++-dependent (CD) or Ca++-independent (CI) aggregation.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of cell cross-adhesion rates between different tissue-derived cells.
  • Inhibition studies using anti-retinal Fab molecules targeting CD and CI aggregation.

    • Main Results:

    • All examined tissues (optic tectum, retina, heart, limb bud) displayed both CD and CI aggregation, with varying rates.
    • Cells prepared for one mode of aggregation readily cross-adhered to cells of the same mode, regardless of tissue origin.
    • Cross-adhesion was minimal between cells prepared for different aggregation modes, even from the same tissue.
    • Anti-retinal Fab molecules inhibited CD and CI aggregation in optic tectum cells, but not in heart cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Chick embryonic tissues possess dual cell adhesion mechanisms (CD and CI) with conserved recognition properties similar to retinal cells.
    • These adhesion mechanisms exhibit tissue-specific differences and immunological distinctions, particularly in non-neural tissues like the heart.
    • The findings suggest a complex interplay of conserved and divergent molecular mechanisms underlying cell adhesion during embryonic development.