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Pulmonary function before and after abdominal surgery in the aged

N Kaibara, N Iwai, O Nishimura

    The Japanese Journal of Surgery
    |March 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Older patients undergoing abdominal surgery face high risks of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). Preoperative flow-volume curve analysis can predict PPCs, aiding in early intervention for better outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Medicine
    • Pulmonology
    • Geriatrics

    Background:

    • Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are common in elderly patients after abdominal surgery.
    • Identifying predictive factors for PPCs is crucial for risk stratification and prevention.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To correlate pulmonary function test results with the incidence of PPCs in patients aged 70 years and older undergoing abdominal surgery.
    • To evaluate the utility of preoperative flow-volume curve analysis in predicting PPCs.

    Main Methods:

    • Pulmonary function tests, including flow-volume curves, were conducted before and after abdominal surgery in elderly patients.
    • Patients were monitored for the development of PPCs, with a comparison to a control group.

    Main Results:

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    • PPCs developed in 48% of patients, significantly higher than the 15% in the control group.
    • Preoperative analysis of the flow-volume curve, specifically the parameter (V50-V25)/forced vital capacity, proved valuable for predicting PPCs.
    • Postoperative pulmonary function was reduced in patients with PPCs, with delayed recovery.

    Conclusions:

    • Preoperative pulmonary function assessment, particularly flow-volume curve analysis, can predict the risk of PPCs in elderly surgical patients.
    • Effective pain management with analgesics may improve postoperative ventilation and reduce complications.