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The effect of methoprene as a feed additive on house fly emergence in poultry houses
Abstract:
Field trials were conducted in 1974 and 1975 using an encapsulated formulation of methoprene (AltosidTM) applied as a feed additive at rates of 7.5 and 10.0 ppm (AI in feed) to control Musca domestica L. in poultry houses. Only limited inhibition of house fly emergence was obtained. In addition, the percentage of house fly emergence in each trial gradually increased as the season progressed. Comparison bioassays were conducted at the end of the 1975 season between field-pressured strains and lab-reared susceptible strains. Results from the field trials and comparison bioassays indicated that the causes of the poor inhibition were an existing cross-resistance to methoprene followed by an induction of resistance resulting from the continuous exposure to methoprene.
Insights
Methoprene (AltosidTM) showed limited effectiveness in controlling house flies in poultry farms. Resistance in house fly populations, exacerbated by continuous exposure, was identified as the primary cause of reduced efficacy.
Area of Science:
- Entomology
- Pest Management
- Insecticide Resistance
Background:
- Methoprene (AltosidTM), an insect growth regulator, was evaluated for controlling Musca domestica L. in poultry houses.
- Previous applications suggested potential efficacy, necessitating field validation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the efficacy of an encapsulated methoprene formulation as a feed additive for house fly control.
- To investigate the reasons for limited efficacy observed during field trials.
Main Methods:
- Field trials conducted in 1974-1975 using methoprene at 7.5 and 10.0 ppm as a feed additive.
- Comparison bioassays between field-collected and laboratory-susceptible house fly strains at the end of the 1975 season.
Main Results:
- Limited inhibition of house fly emergence was observed with methoprene treatment.
- House fly emergence increased progressively throughout the trial seasons.
- Field strains exhibited significantly lower susceptibility to methoprene compared to lab-susceptible strains.
Conclusions:
- Existing cross-resistance to methoprene in field populations contributed to poor control.
- Continuous exposure to methoprene induced further resistance, diminishing its effectiveness over time.
- Methoprene efficacy is compromised by pre-existing and induced resistance in Musca domestica.