Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Resting Membrane Potential01:21

The Resting Membrane Potential

142.9K
Overview
142.9K
Resting Membrane Potential01:24

Resting Membrane Potential

21.9K
The relative difference in electrical charge, or voltage, between the inside and the outside of a cell membrane, is called the membrane potential. It is generated by differences in permeability of the membrane to various ions and the concentrations of these ions across the membrane.
The Inside of a Neuron is More Negative
The membrane potential of a cell can be measured by inserting a microelectrode into a cell and comparing the charge to a reference electrode in the extracellular fluid. The...
21.9K
Potential Energy00:52

Potential Energy

42.7K
The energy stored by a structure and location of matter in space is called potential energy. For instance, raising a kettlebell changes its spatial location and increases its potential energy. Similarly, a stretched rubber band contains potential energy which, under certain conditions, can be converted into other forms of energy, such as kinetic energy.
Chemical bonds that form attractive forces between atoms also contain potential energy, called chemical energy. When a chemical reaction...
42.7K
Potential Energy01:09

Potential Energy

1.0K
A conservative force, such as a gravitational or elastic force, gives the body the capacity to do work. This capacity, measured as the potential energy, depends on the body's location or “position” relative to a fixed reference position or datum. The gravitational potential energy is considered zero at the reference point. Suppose a body is located at some vertical distance above a fixed horizontal reference or datum. In that case, the weight of the body has positive gravitational potential...
1.0K
Standard Electrode Potentials03:02

Standard Electrode Potentials

50.4K
On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...
50.4K
Cell Potential and Free Energy02:58

Cell Potential and Free Energy

46.6K
Thermodynamics of a Redox Reaction
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics dealing with the relationship between heat and other forms of energy. In an electrochemical cell, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.
Thus, a link can be predicted between cell potential, free energy change, and the equilibrium constant for the reaction. Cell potential can also be measured as the oxidant or the reducing strength, and similar acid-base strength measures are reflected in equilibrium...
46.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Glycaemia and autistic traits in very low birth weight infants in adulthood.

Diabetes & metabolism·2016
Same author

Conformation of the calmodulin-binding domain of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 7 and its interaction with calmodulin.

Journal of biochemistry·2011
Same author

Expression and purification of metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 peptides.

Protein expression and purification·2010
Same author

Glycation and phosphorylation of alpha-lactalbumin by dry heating: effect on protein structure and physiological functions.

Journal of dairy science·2009
Same author

Improvement of functional properties of bovine serum albumin through phosphorylation by dry-heating in the presence of pyrophosphate.

Journal of food science·2008
Same author

[Repair of paravalvular leak after a third mitral valve replacement].

Kyobu geka. The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery·2007

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid
08:54

Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid

Published on: January 25, 2020

6.0K

Membrane potential, surface potential, and ionic permeabilities

S Ohki

    Physiological Chemistry and Physics
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cellular transmembrane potential is primarily driven by surface potential differences in highly charged membranes and ion diffusion in uncharged membranes. This research clarifies the origins of these potentials for better understanding cell membrane behavior.

    More Related Videos

    Imaging Membrane Potential with Two Types of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Voltage Sensors
    09:57

    Imaging Membrane Potential with Two Types of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Voltage Sensors

    Published on: February 4, 2016

    11.3K
    Surface Potential Measurement of Bacteria Using Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy
    10:49

    Surface Potential Measurement of Bacteria Using Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy

    Published on: November 28, 2014

    22.4K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

    Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid
    08:54

    Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid

    Published on: January 25, 2020

    6.0K
    Imaging Membrane Potential with Two Types of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Voltage Sensors
    09:57

    Imaging Membrane Potential with Two Types of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Voltage Sensors

    Published on: February 4, 2016

    11.3K
    Surface Potential Measurement of Bacteria Using Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy
    10:49

    Surface Potential Measurement of Bacteria Using Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy

    Published on: November 28, 2014

    22.4K

    Area of Science:

    • Biophysics
    • Physical Chemistry
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Cellular transmembrane potential is crucial for various biological processes.
    • Understanding the factors contributing to transmembrane potential is essential for cell function.
    • Phospholipid bilayers and monolayers are fundamental components of cell membranes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the contributions of concentration potentials and surface potentials to cellular transmembrane potential.
    • To investigate the influence of salt concentration and surface charge density on membrane potentials.
    • To differentiate the mechanisms governing transmembrane potential in charged versus uncharged membranes.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurement of surface potentials of phospholipid monolayers.
    • Measurement of transmembrane potentials of phospholipid bilayer membranes.
    • Systematic variation of salt concentrations and surface charge densities.

    Main Results:

    • For highly charged membranes with symmetrical surface charge density, transmembrane potentials are mainly due to differences in surface potentials between the two sides.
    • For uncharged membranes, transmembrane potential is primarily determined by ion diffusion potential.
    • Ion permeabilities through the membrane were analyzed in correlation with transmembrane potential.

    Conclusions:

    • The origin of cellular transmembrane potential varies significantly with membrane charge characteristics.
    • Surface potential differences dominate in highly charged membranes, while ion diffusion is key in uncharged membranes.
    • This study provides critical insights into the biophysical underpinnings of cell membrane potential and ion transport.