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Endogenous cryogen excreted by the kidneys

M J Kluger, A J Turnbull, W I Cranston

    The American Journal of Physiology
    |November 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Researchers discovered a "endogenous cryogen" in urine that lowers body temperature. This substance, excreted by kidneys, causes hypothermia when injected or when kidney excretion is blocked, suggesting a role in temperature regulation.

    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Renal Physiology

    Background:

    • Human urine injection into rabbits causes hypothermia and vasodilation.
    • Preventing urine production in rabbits leads to a drop in body temperature.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of a potential endogenous cryogen in body temperature regulation.
    • To determine if the kidneys play a role in excreting a substance that lowers body temperature.

    Main Methods:

    • Intravenous injection of human urine into rabbits.
    • Occlusion of ureters in rabbits to prevent urine production.
    • Administration of endogenous pyrogen to rabbits with occluded ureters.
    • Analysis of oral temperature in human patients undergoing hemodialysis.

    Main Results:

    Related Experiment Videos

    • Urine injection caused a fall in body temperature and peripheral vasodilation.
    • Ureter occlusion led to a decrease in rabbit body temperature.
    • Fever response to endogenous pyrogen was attenuated in rabbits with occluded ureters.
    • Patients' body temperature increased after hemodialysis, suggesting cryogen removal.

    Conclusions:

    • A cryogenic substance, "endogenous cryogen," is likely produced and excreted by the kidneys.
    • This cryogen regulates body temperature by causing a controlled fall.
    • Endogenous cryogen is a dialyzable substance, and its reduction during hemodialysis leads to a rise in body temperature.