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Related Experiment Videos

Splenic rupture in patients with hematologic malignancies

T W Bauer, G E Haskins, J O Armitage

    Cancer
    |December 15, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Pathologic splenic rupture is a rare but serious complication in patients with hematologic malignancy. Prompt surgical intervention significantly improves survival rates in these critical cases.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Hematology
    • Surgical Pathology

    Background:

    • Pathologic splenic rupture is a rare complication in patients with hematologic malignancies.
    • It most commonly occurs in acute leukemia but is also seen in chronic leukemias and lymphoma.

    Observation:

    • Abdominal pain is a common symptom, often misdiagnosed as other acute abdominal conditions.
    • Key clinical signs include hypotension (66%), fever (74%), and tachycardia (75%).
    • Kehr's sign (referred shoulder pain) was present in only 17% of patients.

    Findings:

    • Paracentesis was the most effective diagnostic procedure for intraabdominal hemorrhage.
    • Preoperative diagnosis of splenic rupture was achieved in only 10 of 53 reviewed cases.
    • While 52% of patients underwent laparotomy, 48% died without surgical intervention.

    Implications:

    • Surgical intervention is the most critical factor for survival in patients with pathologic splenic rupture.
    • Survival rates were 78% for operated patients versus 38% overall.
    • No correlation was found between malignancy type, treatment, blood counts, or spleen size and survival outcomes.

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