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Neural processes in long-term thermal adaptation

H Hensel

    Federation Proceedings
    |December 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cats adapt to cold through peripheral sensory changes and increased fur growth, but these aren't essential for overall thermoregulation. Thermal comfort and sensation involve distinct neural pathways, showing adaptation to environmental temperature changes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Animal Behavior
    • Thermoregulation

    Background:

    • Peripheral and central mechanisms influence thermoregulation.
    • Habituation and adaptation to cold stimuli involve complex physiological responses.
    • Sensory perception and thermal comfort may be differentially regulated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate short-term habituation and long-term cold adaptation in cats.
    • To examine the role of peripheral and central thermosensors in thermoregulation.
    • To explore the neural pathways for temperature sensation and thermal comfort in humans.

    Main Methods:

    • Cats were exposed to varying ambient temperatures (5°C and 30°C) for up to 4 years.
    • Rats underwent repeated local hypothalamic or spinal cooling.

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  • Human subjects experienced local hand cooling/warming and general temperature changes.

    • Main Results:

    • Long-term cold adaptation in cats involved changes in cold fiber afferents and increased fur growth.
    • Cold-adapted cats showed a shift in metabolic response to lower ambient temperatures.
    • Repeated cooling in rats increased nonshivering thermogenesis but not general cold resistance.
    • Human cold thresholds were independent of general thermoregulatory state, but thermal comfort varied.
    • Short-term environmental exposure altered affective responses to thermal stimuli.

    Conclusions:

    • Peripheral cold receptor changes contribute to short-term habituation.
    • Long-term cold adaptation in cats is robust but not solely dependent on peripheral afferent changes.
    • Thermoregulatory adaptations in cats are primarily driven by peripheral thermal afferents.
    • Temperature sensation and thermal comfort appear to be mediated by distinct neural pathways.
    • Affective responses to thermal stimuli can be modulated by recent environmental exposure.