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26-Hydroxycholesterol. Identification and quantitation in human serum

N B Javitt, E Kok, S Burstein

    The Journal of Biological Chemistry
    |December 25, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    26-hydroxycholesterol, a serum sterol, was identified in normal adults using mass spectrometry. This oxysterol is found in low and high-density lipoproteins, with 31-35% present as free sterol.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Lipid Metabolism

    Background:

    • Cholesterol metabolism is crucial for cellular function.
    • Oxysterols are cholesterol oxidation products with potential biological roles.
    • Understanding oxysterol distribution in human serum is important for metabolic research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify and quantify 26-hydroxycholesterol in adult human serum.
    • To determine the distribution of 26-hydroxycholesterol within serum lipoproteins.

    Main Methods:

    • Isotope dilution mass spectrometry was employed for precise quantification.
    • Density gradient ultracentrifugation was used to separate lipoprotein fractions.

    Main Results:

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    • 26-hydroxycholesterol was detected in the serum of all normal adults studied.
    • Serum concentrations ranged from 9.2 to 25.6 micrograms/100 ml.
    • 31-35% of the detected 26-hydroxycholesterol was in its free sterol form.
    • The steroid was found to be distributed between low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and high-density lipoproteins (HDL).

    Conclusions:

    • 26-hydroxycholesterol is a normal component of adult human serum.
    • Its presence in LDL and HDL suggests involvement in lipoprotein metabolism and transport.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate the physiological significance of serum 26-hydroxycholesterol.