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Cholera: possible infection from aircraft effluent

C J Rondle, B Ramesh, J B Krahn

    The Journal of Hygiene
    |December 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Aircraft effluent may spread cholera. Studies show disease outbreaks correlate with flight paths, and Vibrio cholerae can survive high-altitude conditions, potentially contaminating food and water supplies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Epidemiology
    • Microbiology
    • Aerospace Medicine

    Background:

    • Cholera outbreaks have been observed in Europe.
    • Calcutta is an endemic region for cholera.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the hypothesis that aircraft effluent may be a source of cholera transmission.
    • To assess the viability of Vibrio cholerae under simulated high-altitude conditions.
    • To evaluate the effectiveness of chloramine T in aircraft hygiene.

    Main Methods:

    • Correlation analysis of cholera outbreak locations with airline routes.
    • Laboratory experiments on Vibrio cholerae survival in simulated atmospheric conditions.
    • Investigation of disinfectant efficacy against Vibrio cholerae.

    Main Results:

    • A correlation was found between sporadic cholera outbreaks in Europe and flight paths from Calcutta.
    • Vibrio cholerae demonstrated potential for survival in droplets falling from high altitudes.
    • Chloramine T showed reduced bactericidal activity when reacting with peptone.

    Conclusions:

    • Aircraft effluent is a potential, albeit occasional, vector for cholera transmission.
    • Further investigation into airborne transmission of pathogens via aircraft is warranted.
    • Current use of chloramine T in aircraft hygiene may be of limited value.

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