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Attention in schizophrenia. Signal detection in the visual periphery

J A Cegalis, D Deptula

    The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
    |December 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Schizophrenia patients, especially chronic non-paranoid types, show deficits in early visual processing. This suggests impaired preattentive visual systems contribute to the disorder.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Psychiatry
    • Visual Perception

    Background:

    • Previous research indicates visual preattentive processing deficits in schizophrenia.
    • Understanding the specific information processing level and structural basis of these deficits is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate signal detection in the visual periphery to understand information processing deficits in schizophrenia.
    • To explore potential structural underpinnings of visual processing impairments.

    Main Methods:

    • Tested acute and chronic schizophrenics (paranoid/non-paranoid) and controls on a visual task.
    • Experimentally controlled eye and head movements during foveal and peripheral target detection.

    Main Results:

    • Chronic and non-paranoid schizophrenics exhibited significantly lower peripheral target detection sensitivity.
    • Paranoid subjects showed more conservative criteria in difficult conditions.
    • No systematic motivational differences were found based on trial validity or response latency.

    Conclusions:

    • Sensitivity differences are attributed to deficits in early preattentive visual processes.
    • Non-paranoid schizophrenia performance suggests potential midbrain activity differences in ambient visual information processing.

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