Intracavitary irradiation of renal pyelocalyceal transitional cell carcinoma with iridium-192

A case of multicentric urothelial transitional cell carcinoma is presented, in which the patient underwent a left ureteronephrectomy and in the remaining right kidney recurrent transitional cell carcinoma was found in the inferior calyx. Because this area was accessible via a cutaneous nephrostomy, it is treated with a combination of external beam radiation and intracavitary implantation with iridium-192. The iridium was placed in the vicinity of the tumor using an angiographic procedure. The technique successfully preserved remaining renal parenchyma. The case illustrates how angiography skills and procedures can be applied in a novel brachytherapy application.