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Infection with RS streptococci in pigs

K B Pedersen, E Kjems, B Perch

    Acta Pathologica Et Microbiologica Scandinavica. Section B, Microbiology
    |June 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Streptococcus R caused septicemia and meningitis in young pigs. This bacterium is pathogenic, leading to arthritis, septicemia, and endocarditis in experimentally infected swine.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Microbiology
    • Swine Pathology
    • Bacterial Pathogenesis

    Background:

    • An outbreak of septicemia and meningitis occurred in a Danish swine herd.
    • The causative agent was identified as RS streptococci, primarily affecting 7-9 week old pigs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the pathogenicity of RS streptococci isolated from swine.
    • To investigate the potential of a human strain of RS streptococci to infect pigs.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation and culture of RS streptococci from diseased pigs.
    • Experimental inoculation of Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) pigs with swine-derived and human-derived RS streptococci.
    • Clinical observation, necropsy, and blood cultures to assess pathogenicity and disease progression.

    Main Results:

    • Experimental inoculation confirmed the pathogenicity of the swine RS streptococci strain for pigs, causing arthritis, septicemia, and endocarditis.
    • One pig died from septicemia, and nine developed arthritis post-inoculation.
    • Endocarditis was observed in four pigs, with persistently positive blood cultures until death (5-7 weeks post-inoculation).
    • In vivo loss of capsular antigen was noted.
    • A human strain of RS streptococci also proved pathogenic in pigs.

    Conclusions:

    • RS streptococci are a significant cause of disease in swine, particularly affecting young animals.
    • The bacterium can cause severe systemic infections including septicemia, meningitis, arthritis, and endocarditis.
    • Cross-species pathogenicity between human and swine strains of RS streptococci warrants further investigation.

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