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Related Experiment Videos

Interval breath hydrogen test in glucose-galactose malabsorption

A C Douwes, M van Caillie, J Fernandes

    European Journal of Pediatrics
    |November 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    A simple breath test accurately diagnoses infant monosaccharide malabsorption by measuring hydrogen (H2) excretion after sugar ingestion. This non-invasive method aids in identifying glucose-galactose malabsorption, enabling timely dietary intervention.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Gastroenterology
    • Clinical Diagnostics
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Monosaccharide malabsorption in infancy, particularly glucose-galactose malabsorption, presents as severe diarrhea and failure to thrive.
    • Congenital defects in glucose and galactose transport are the primary cause of this condition.
    • Accurate and early diagnosis is crucial for effective management and preventing long-term complications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe a simple, non-invasive diagnostic test for monosaccharide malabsorption in infants.
    • To evaluate the utility of breath hydrogen (H2) excretion for detecting glucose-galactose malabsorption.
    • To correlate breath H2 measurements with established diagnostic methods.

    Main Methods:

    • A diagnostic test involving oral administration of glucose, galactose, and fructose to an infant with severe diarrhea.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Measurement of hydrogen (H2) excretion in expired air following sugar ingestion.
  • Confirmation of diagnosis using 14C-glucose transport studies on a jejunal mucosal biopsy specimen.
  • Therapeutic trial with a carbohydrate-free, fructose-supplemented diet.

    • Main Results:

    • The infant exhibited increased H2 excretion after oral glucose and galactose, but not fructose.
    • A carbohydrate-free diet supplemented with fructose led to rapid weight gain and resolution of diarrhea.
    • Jejunal mucosal biopsy confirmed defective 14C-glucose transport, validating the diagnosis of glucose-galactose malabsorption.

    Conclusions:

    • Interval breath H2 estimation is a reliable and non-invasive method for diagnosing monosaccharide malabsorption in infancy.
    • This diagnostic approach allows for prompt identification of glucose-galactose malabsorption.
    • Early detection facilitates appropriate dietary management, improving infant outcomes.