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A population screening test for antibody to measles virus
Israel Journal of Medical Sciences
|November 1, 1981
Summary
A new radioimmunoassay screening test (RIAST) detects measles virus IgG antibodies with high sensitivity. This simple test is valuable for identifying seropositivity in areas with ongoing measles cases.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Diagnostic Assays
Background:
- Sporadic measles cases persist despite vaccination efforts, necessitating reliable seropositivity screening.
- Existing diagnostic methods may have limitations in sensitivity or require complex procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe a novel, sensitive radioimmunoassay screening test (RIAST) for detecting measles virus IgG antibodies.
- To evaluate the RIAST's performance compared to established serological techniques.
Main Methods:
- Development of a solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) utilizing microtiter plates and measles virus antigen.
- Detection of bound human IgG via 125I-labeled rabbit antihuman IgG.
- Comparison of RIAST results with hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and complement fixation (CF) assays on adult and pediatric sera.
Main Results:
- The RIAST requires minimal serum volume (5 microliters) and no extensive serum pretreatment.
- RIAST demonstrated higher sensitivity in identifying measles virus seropositivity compared to the HI technique.
- Correlation analysis showed consistency between RIAST binding ratios and full RIA serum titers.
Conclusions:
- The developed radioimmunoassay screening test (RIAST) is a sensitive and practical tool for measles seropositivity determination.
- RIAST offers advantages for epidemiological surveillance and clinical management in areas with endemic measles.
- The test's simplicity and sensitivity make it suitable for widespread application.