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[The eye and cavernous sinus disorders (author's transl)]

M Detry-Morel

    Journal Francais D'Ophtalmologie
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    The cavernous space, crucial for cranial nerves and the internal carotid artery, presents diverse pathologies. Understanding its anatomy aids in diagnosing and treating lesions like aneurysms and fistulae.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurosurgery
    • Vascular Surgery
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • The extradural cavernous space, near the sphenoid body, connects to the orbit via the sphenoidal fissure.
    • It contains critical structures: internal carotid artery, cranial nerves controlling eye movement and sensation, and the cavernous sinus venous network.
    • Lesion symptoms depend on the anatomical relationships of these structures.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the anatomy and pathology of the extradural cavernous space.
    • To discuss diagnostic modalities and current treatment strategies for cavernous sinus lesions.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of anatomical relationships and pathological processes within the cavernous space.
    • Discussion of diagnostic imaging techniques including computed tomography, carotid angiography, and orbital phlebography.
    • Overview of endovascular surgical techniques for carotidocavernous fistulae.

    Main Results:

    • Intrinsic pathologies include intracavernous carotid aneurysms and carotidocavernous fistulae.
    • Extrinsic lesions, such as skull base tumors and nasopharyngeal cancers, are common causes of cavernous syndromes.
    • Advances in understanding hemodynamics have improved endovascular treatment of fistulae.

    Conclusions:

    • Cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis is rare; aneurysms and fistulae are more common intrinsic issues.
    • Extrinsic tumors significantly contribute to cavernous syndromes.
    • Endovascular techniques offer effective treatment for carotidocavernous fistulae.

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